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Exam Analysis Report
Summary Statistics
Reliability
Score Distribution
Item Analysis
Item Difficulty Overview
Item Discrimination Overview
Detailed Item Analysis
Flagged Items for Review
Academic References & Standards
Reliability Standards
- 0.90 - 1.00: Excellent (High-stakes testing)
- 0.80 - 0.89: Good (Important decisions)
- 0.70 - 0.79: Acceptable (General testing)
- 0.60 - 0.69: Questionable
- < 0.60: Unacceptable
Difficulty Standards
- 0.40 - 0.60: Optimal range
- 0.30 - 0.70: Acceptable range
- < 0.20: Too difficult
- > 0.80: Too easy
Discrimination Standards
- ≥ 0.40: Excellent
- 0.30 - 0.39: Good
- 0.20 - 0.29: Needs improvement
- < 0.20: Needs revision
- < 0.00: Reject item
User Guidelines
- Reliability ≥ 0.70 is adequate for classroom testing
- Items with discrimination < 0.20 should be reviewed and revised
- Negative discrimination indicates problems with answer key or item
- Most items in 0.40-0.60 difficulty range indicate a well-balanced test
Academic References
- George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
- Ebel, R. L., & Frisbie, D. A. (1991). Essentials of educational measurement (5th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Kuder, G. F., & Richardson, M. W. (1937). The theory of the estimation of test reliability. Psychometrika, 2(3), 151-160.
- Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
- Allen, M. J., & Yen, W. M. (1979). Introduction to measurement theory. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
- Haladyna, T. M., & Rodriguez, M. C. (2013). Developing and validating test items. New York: Routledge.